Textual analysis of existing products

Denotation – actual/ explicit meaning – description

Connotation – meaning behind / implied meaning

Representation – how the media re-presents things to us. – stereotypes?

Layout – how elements are positioned

Narrative – story

Mise-en-scene – everything in the scene: props, costumes, make-up, performance, facial expressions, lighting, colour

Editing – the way shots are put together

Sound – diegetic: they can hear the sound
Non-diegetic: they can’t hear the sound